{"id":8026,"date":"2026-06-01T18:13:45","date_gmt":"2026-06-01T10:13:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rysilicone.com\/?p=8026"},"modified":"2026-08-04T10:41:25","modified_gmt":"2026-08-04T02:41:25","slug":"silicone-physical-properties","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rysilicone.com\/tr\/silicone-physical-properties\/","title":{"rendered":"Silikonun Fiziksel \u00d6zellikleri: Tam Teknik \u00d6zellikler Sayfas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

"Silikonun fiziksel \u00f6zellikleri" diye arama yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, \u00e7o\u011fu sonu\u00e7 kimya ders kitab\u0131 gibi geliyor; s\u0131nav i\u00e7in uygun, ancak bir par\u00e7an\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini belirlemek i\u00e7in i\u015fe yaramaz. Yine de yo\u011funlu\u011fu, sertlik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 veya her bir say\u0131n\u0131n hangi test standard\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenemiyorsunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Standart silikon kau\u00e7uk, belirli bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131r: yo\u011funluk 1,10\u20131,50 g\/cm\u00b3, sertlik Shore 00-5 ile Shore A-90 aras\u0131nda ve s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 -60 \u00b0C ile +230 \u00b0C aras\u0131ndad\u0131r; ayr\u0131ca kararl\u0131 elektriksel yal\u0131t\u0131m ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc y\u00fcksek gaz ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fine sahiptir.<\/strong> A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da t\u00fcm de\u011ferler yer almaktad\u0131r; her de\u011fer ASTM veya ISO test y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu rakamlar genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 silikonu (HCR ve LSR) tan\u0131mlamaktad\u0131r. Dolgu maddesi miktar\u0131, k\u00fcrleme sistemi ve kalite, kesin rakamlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirir; bu durum her \u00f6zellik i\u00e7in belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silikonun Fiziksel \u00d6zellikleri Teknik \u00d6zellikler Sayfas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Silikonun fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerini g\u00f6steren teknik \u00f6zellikler tablosu; yo\u011funluk, sertlik, s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, elektriksel, optik ve ge\u00e7irgenlik de\u011ferlerini ASTM ve ISO test standartlar\u0131yla birlikte g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Silikonun fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerinin aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren \u00e7ubuk grafik<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
M\u00fclk<\/strong><\/th>Tipik Aral\u0131k \/ De\u011fer<\/strong><\/th>Test Standard<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
D\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f<\/td>Yar\u0131 saydam taban; pigmentli; dolduruldu\u011funda opak<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
Yo\u011funluk (\u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k)<\/td>1,10\u20131,50 g\/cm\u00b3 (yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,0'ye kadar doldurulmu\u015f)<\/td>ASTM D792<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Sertlik<\/td>K\u0131y\u0131 00-5'ten K\u0131y\u0131 A-90'a<\/td>ASTM D2240<\/a><\/td><\/tr>
Gerilme direnci<\/td>4\u201311 MPa (y\u00fcksek mukavemetli, ~13'e kadar)<\/td>ASTM D412<\/td><\/tr>
Kopma an\u0131nda uzama<\/td>200\u2013800%<\/td>ASTM D412<\/td><\/tr>
Y\u0131rt\u0131lma dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>10\u201355 kN\/m<\/td>ASTM D624<\/td><\/tr>
S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seti<\/td>S\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 boyunca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td>ISO 815 \/ ASTM D395<\/td><\/tr>
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/td>-60 \u00b0C ila +230 \u00b0C (k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine +300 \u00b0C'ye kadar)<\/td>ASTM D573 \/ D746<\/td><\/tr>
Is\u0131 iletkenli\u011fi<\/td>~0,2 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
termal genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131<\/td>200\u2013400 \u00d710\u207b\u2076 \/K<\/td>ASTM E831<\/td><\/tr>
Su emilimi<\/td>0,5%'nin alt\u0131nda<\/td>ASTM D471<\/td><\/tr>
Su temas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \/ y\u00fczey enerjisi<\/td>~110\u00b0 \/ ~22 mN\/m (hidrofobik)<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
Gaz ve buhar ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi<\/td>Di\u011fer elastomerlere k\u0131yasla y\u00fcksek kalite<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
Dielektrik dayan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>18\u201325 kV\/mm<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
Hacimsel diren\u00e7<\/td>~10\u00b9\u2075 \u03a9\u00b7cm<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
Optik iletim<\/td>91%'nin \u00fczerinde (optik s\u0131n\u0131f LSR)<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr>
Yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/td>Kendili\u011finden s\u00f6nen; UL 94 V-0 standard\u0131na g\u00f6re alev geciktirici.<\/td>UL 94<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131daki teknik \u00f6zellikler sayfas\u0131, kopyalanmak veya referans kart\u0131 olarak kaydedilmek \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her bir \u00f6zelli\u011fin ard\u0131ndaki daha derin numara, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki her b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn alt\u0131nda ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 verilen ilgili sayfada yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm ve Durum<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Silikon do\u011fal olarak yar\u0131 saydamd\u0131r ve pigmenti temiz bir \u015fekilde emer; doldurulduktan veya renklendirildikten sonra tamamen opak hale gelir.<\/strong> Y\u00fczey kalitesi, polimer taraf\u0131ndan de\u011fil, kal\u0131p ve son i\u015flemle belirlenir. Bu, performansla ilgili de\u011fil, kozmetik bir \u00f6zelliktir; s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, sertli\u011fi veya esnekli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlamaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yo\u011funluk, A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve Su Davran\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Silikon sudan daha yo\u011fundur (1,10\u20131,50 g\/cm\u00b3), bu nedenle y\u00fczmez ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a 0,5%'den daha az su emer; yani soruda genellikle ima edildi\u011fi gibi g\u00f6zenekli de\u011fildir.<\/strong> Dolgulu bile\u015fiklerin yo\u011funlu\u011fu ~2,0 g\/cm\u00b3'e do\u011fru y\u00fckselir. Y\u00fczey hidrofobiktir ve su temas a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 110\u00b0'ye yak\u0131nd\u0131r; bu nedenle su y\u00fczeyi \u0131slatmak yerine damlac\u0131klar halinde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Hidrofobik silikon y\u00fczeyde su damlac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikonun Yo\u011funlu\u011fu, A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hidrofobikli\u011fi<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sertlik ve Mekanik Davran\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcretim silikonu, Shore 00-5 (jel-yumu\u015fak) ile Shore A-90 (sert) aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen sertlik derecelerine sahip olup, \u00e7ekme dayan\u0131m\u0131 4\u201311 MPa ve uzama oran\u0131 200\u2013800 %'dir.<\/strong> Sertlik, y\u0131rt\u0131lma dayan\u0131m\u0131 ve uzama ile bir denge olu\u015fturdu\u011fu i\u00e7in ilk belirlenen \u00f6zelliktir; daha yumu\u015fak kaliteler daha fazla uzar ancak daha \u00e7abuk y\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikon Sertli\u011fi ve Durometre K\u0131lavuzu<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Silikonun Mekanik \u00d6zellikleri<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Silikon Shore sertlik durometre \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi tablosu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131cakl\u0131k Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Termal Davran\u0131\u015f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Silikon, -60 \u00b0C ile +230 \u00b0C aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli olarak \u00f6zelliklerini korur; y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ise k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli\u011fine +300 \u00b0C'ye kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/strong> Is\u0131 iletkenli\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr (~0,2 W\/m\u00b7K) ve termal genle\u015fme katsay\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fcksektir (200\u2013400 \u00d710\u207b\u2076 \/K), bu da s\u0131cak par\u00e7alarda dar toleranslar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikonun Is\u0131 \u0130letkenli\u011fi ve Is\u0131ya Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Silikonun \u0131s\u0131ya ve so\u011fu\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Elektriksel \u00d6zellikler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Silikon, iletkenlik \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in karbonla kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir dielektrik malzemedir (18\u201325 kV\/mm dielektrik dayan\u0131m\u0131 ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 10\u00b9\u2075 \u03a9\u00b7cm hacimsel \u00f6zdiren\u00e7).<\/strong> Bu \u00e7ift i\u015flevli \u00f6zellik sayesinde ayn\u0131 temel polimer hem y\u00fcksek voltaj yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 hem de elektromanyetik giri\u015fim (EMI) korumal\u0131 tu\u015f tak\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikonun Elektriksel \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Optik \u00d6zellikler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Optik s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 LSR, 91%'den fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u0131\u015f\u0131k ge\u00e7irir ve epoksi veya polikarbonata g\u00f6re sararmaya kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> K\u0131r\u0131lma indisi 1,40-1,55 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r; bu nedenle LED kaps\u00fclleme ve lens opti\u011finde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikonun Optik \u00d6zellikleri<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gaz ve Buhar Ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Silikon, di\u011fer elastomerlere g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha fazla gaz ge\u00e7irgendir; bu nedenle oksijen t\u00fcpleri ve nefes alabilen membranlar i\u00e7in tercih edilir ve gaz bariyeri i\u00e7in uygun bir s\u0131zd\u0131rmazl\u0131k malzemesi de\u011fildir.<\/strong> Bu \u00f6zellik, g\u00f6zeneklilikle en s\u0131k kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan \u00f6zelliktir; malzeme kat\u0131d\u0131r ancak gazlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7mesine izin verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Kat\u0131 silikon membran \u00fczerinden gaz dif\u00fczyonu diyagram\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikon Gaz ve Buhar Ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fi<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Standart silikon kendili\u011finden s\u00f6ner ve FR kaliteleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck duman ve halojen sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 olmamas\u0131yla UL 94 V-0 standard\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131r.<\/strong> Yanma sonucunda damlayan alev yerine iletken olmayan silika k\u00fcl\u00fc kal\u0131r; bu nedenle demiryolu ve toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma standartlar\u0131na uygundur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2192 Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku: Silikonun Yang\u0131n ve Yan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k Davran\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu Say\u0131lar\u0131n Ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini Kaybetti\u011fi Nokta<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131daki her aral\u0131k, genel ama\u00e7l\u0131 silikon varsay\u0131m\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131rlar \u00fc\u00e7 se\u00e7enekle de\u011fi\u015fir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n